Energy

A Fuel is any substance which on burning or Oxidation in air or oxygen produces heat or any other form of Energy.

Amount of energy changed during the addition of an electron to the isolated gaseous atom to form an anion is known as Electron Affinity.

An example of an Isolated System is hot coffee in a thermoflask with a cork because it can neither gain or lose energy, nor gain or harm.

Closed System is a System which can exchange energy but not mass with its surrounding.

Energy is the capacity of a physical system to do work.

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Example of Extensive Properties is Mass, volume, Energy, etc.

Example of Open System is hot coffee in an open flask, because it can be gain or lose matter as well as energy.

Isolated System is a System which can neither exchange mass nor energy with the surrounding.

Law of Equipartition of Energy – It states that on an average, the energy of a gas molecule is equally distributed amongst its various degrees of freedom.

Mixing of different orbitals of different energy to give the same number of orbitals with equal energy is known as hybrid orbitals and this prosses is known as Hybridization.

Open System is a System which can exchange matter as well as energy with the surrounding.

Second Law of Thermodynamics explains that the complete conversion of heat into any other form of energy cannot take place without leaving some change in the system.

The amount of energy released when an Electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom is called Electron Affinity.

The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound Electron from an isolate gaseous atom is known as Ionisation Potential, also called Ionisation Energy. It may be represented as Atom (g) + I.E→ Positive Ion (g) + Electron (g) It is expressed in terms of eV/atom or kcal/mol or kJ/mol (1 eV per atom = 23.06 kcal/mol)

The Bond Enthalpy is the amount of energy necessary to break bonds in Mole 1 of a gaseous covalent substance to form product in the gaseous state.

The energy of a Thermodynamic System is generally called Internal Energy. Internal Energy is the sum of all the energies, Kinetic and Potential, other than those resulting from its position possessed by a System. It depends on the state of the system and Hence called State Property.

The Lattice Enthalpy of an ionic solid is defined as the energy required to completely separate one mole of a solid ionic compound gaseous constituent ions. 

The lowest energy structure is the one with the smallest formal charge on the atoms. The formal charge is a factor based on a pure covalent view of bonding in which electron pairs are shared equally by neighboring atoms.

The sp3 Hybrids are obtained by mix up and redistribution of energy of one s and three p orbitals.

What is Bond Energy?

What is Energy?

What is Energy?

What is Energy?

What is Law of Equipartition of Energy?

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